Examining the impact of a universal social and emotional learning intervention (Passport) on internalising symptoms and other outcomes among children, compared to the usual school curriculum: study protocol for a school-based cluster randomised trial

Table 1 Student outcome measures

Primary outcome	Measure	Subscale	Pearson’s correlation (ρ)^a	Cronbach’s α	Age appropriateness of measure
Internalising symptoms	KIDSCREEN-52 [34]	Moods and emotions	0.52–0.59 [34]	0.86 [34]	Validated for 8–18-year-olds [34]
Secondary outcomes
Emotional regulation	Children’s Worry Management Scale [35]	Coping	0.36–0.39	0.69 [35]	Validated for 6–12-year-olds [35]
Well-being	KIDSCREEN-52 [34]	Psychological well-being	0.57–0.60 [34]	0.89 [34]	Validated for 8–18-year-olds [34]
Loneliness	The three-item UCLA Loneliness scale adapted for children [36]	N/A	N/A	0.87–0.89 [44, 45]	Tested qualitatively with 10–15-year-olds [36]
Bullying	KIDSCREEN-52 [34]	Social acceptance	0.29–0.32 [34]	0.77 [34]	Validated for 8–18-year-olds [34]
Peer support	KIDSCREEN-27 [37]	Social support	0.36–0.39 [37]	0.94 [37]	Validated for 8–18-year-olds [37]
Health-related quality of life	Child Health Utilities 9D [38]	N/A	0.42–0.48 [38]	N/A	Validated for 7–11-year-olds [38]
Academic attainment	Standard assessment tests	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

^aThese numbers represent the convergent validity across instruments measuring similar constructs

ISSN: 1745-6215