Table 4 Recruitment methods for reaching preconception women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus

Direct to patient

 In-person recruitment by clinic or study staff during pregnancy or 6 weeks postpartum visits

 Brochures and posters in clinics and waiting rooms

 Social media (Facebook, Instagram) posts, videos, and advertisements

 Traditional media (television, radio, flyers)

 Online forums posts

Indirect through women’s health providers (e.g., Ob/Gyn, WIC)

 Presentation and clinic meetings

 1-page fact sheets

 Study write-up for newsletters directed at providers

Administrative databases

 Hospital patient databases

 Community health center patient database

 Review of research center database

 Research match