Adverse events | Serious adverse events |
---|---|
Bruising, hematoma, vascular injury not requiring intervention | Vascular complications requiring blood transfusion or intervention |
Pericardial/pleural effusion (observation only) | Symptomatic pericardial/pleural effusion or requiring intervention |
Broken rib | Stroke/transient ischemic attack |
Pneumothorax requiring observation | Pneumothorax requiring chest drain |
Infection (i.e., pneumonia) | Empyema |
Pulmonary oedema | Myocardial infarction |
Temporary phrenic nerve damage | Permanent phrenic nerve damage |
Pain near surgical sites | Pulmonary vein stenosis (> 50% reduction in diameter from baseline) |
 | Requirement to insert PPM (with or without prior conduction tissue damage) |
 | Cardiac trauma requiring surgical intervention |
 | Radiation-induced skin damage |
 | Oesophageal atrial fistula |
 | Death |