Table 3 Risk of bias
First author, year | Sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective reporting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster-randomised trials | ||||||
Altiner, 2007 | Low | High | High | Low | High | Low |
Becker, 2010 | Low | High | High | High | High | Low |
Erler, 2012 | Low | Low | High | Low | Low | Low |
Freiberger, 2013 | Low | High | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Gensichen, 2009 | Low | High | High | High | Low | Low |
Junius-Walker, 2012 | Unclear | High | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Kaufmann-Kolle, 2011 | Unclear | High | High | Unclear | High | Low |
Krones, 2008 | Unclear | High | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Peters-Klimm, 2009 | Low | Low | High | Low | Unclear | Low |
Mehring, 2013 | Low | High | High | Low | Unclear | Low |
Mehring, 2014 | Low | High | High | Low | Unclear | Low |
Rosemann, 2007 | Unclear | Low | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Szecsenyi, 2012 | Unclear | Unclear | High | Low | Low | Low |
Tinsel, 2013 | Low | Low | Unclear | Unclear | High | Low |
Vollmar, 2007 | Unclear | High | High | Low | Low | Low |
Vollmar, 2010 | Unclear | Low | High | Unclear | High | Low |
Vormfelde, 2014 | Low | Unclear | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Randomised trials investigating specific treatments | ||||||
Bleidorn, 2010 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Bücker, 2010 | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low |
du Moulin, 2009 | Low | Low | High | Low | Unclear | Low |
Frese, 2012 | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | High | Low |
Gastpar, 2003 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Hensler, 2009 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Jobst, 2005 | Low | Low | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Klein, 2013 | Low | Low | High | Low | Low | Low |
Peters-Klimm, 2010 | Low | Low | High | High | Unclear | High |
Schencking, 2013 | Low | Low | High | High | Low | Unclear |
Voigt, 2011 | Unclear | Unclear | High | High | Low | High |
Randomised trials on other topics | ||||||
Bergold, 2013 | Low | Low | High | High | Low | Low |
Blank, 2013 | Low | Low | High | Low | High | Low |
Butzlaff, 2004 | Low | Unclear | High | High | Low | Low |
Hoffmann, 2014 | Unclear | Unclear | High | Low | Low | Low |
Müller-Bühl, 2011 | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low |