Table 2 Neuropsychological assessments (non-trained working memory tests)
Baseline | 1 month after training | 6 months after training | |
|---|---|---|---|
Attention, working memory | |||
 Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test | ✓ | ||
 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (Digit Span, Letter Number Sequencing, Arithmetic, and Digit-Symbol Coding) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
 California Computerized Assessment Package | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
 Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Abstraction, executive functions | |||
 Stroop Color Interference Test | ✓ | ||
 Trail Making Test Part B | ✓ | ||
Fluency | |||
 Controlled Oral Word Association Test (FAS) | ✓ | ||
 Design Fluency Tests (Ruff Figural Fluency) | ✓ | ||
Memory | |||
 Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
 Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure Test | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Speed of information processing, psychomotor speed | |||
 Symbol Digit Modalities Test | ✓ | ||
 Trail Making Test Part A | ✓ | ||
Motor skills | |||
 Grooved pegboard test (dominant and non-dominant hand) | ✓ | ||
Verbal, language | |||
 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, fourth edition, verbal comprehension index | ✓ | ||
 Wechsler Test of Adult Reading | ✓ | ||
 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale | ✓ | ||
Wechsler Memory Scale IV | |||
 Spatial span | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
 Visual, verbal immediate and long-term memory | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
 Mental control | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |