Variables | Data collection method | Data collection points | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Baseline | 3 months | 6 months |
Primary outcome measures | ||||
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) | Overnight, fasted serum sample | × | × | × |
HOMA-2 insulin resistance | Overnight, fasted serum sample, HOMA-2 calculator | × | × | × |
HOMA-2 β-cell function | Overnight, fasted serum sample, HOMA-2 calculator | × | × | × |
Secondary outcome measures | ||||
Body composition | Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry total body and regional lean mass and fat mass, and bone density | × |  | × |
Peripheral quantitative computed tomography scan at 25% femur site | × |  | × | |
Biochemistry and hormonal measures | Routine biochemistry | × | × | × |
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D | × | × | × | |
Adipokines and inflammatory markers | Overnight fasted plasma collection | × | × | × |
Blood lipids | Overnight fasted plasma collection | × | × | × |
Blood pressure | Automated measurement | × | × | × |
Muscle strength | Leg press and seated row | × |  | × |
Isometric knee extensor strength | × | × | × | |
Muscle function and balance | Timed up-and-go test | × | × | × |
Four-square step test | × | × | × | |
30-second sit-to-stand test | × | × | × | |
Diabetes and other medication | Monthly reports | × | × | × |
Health-related quality of life | Short Form (36) version 2 questionnaire | × | × | × |
Cognitive function | CogState Brief Battery computerized tests | × | × | × |
Additional measures | ||||
Anthropometry | Height, weight, body mass index and waist circumference | × | × | × |
Physical activity | Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors questionnaire | × | × | × |
Diet | Anti-Cancer Council Food Frequency questionnaire | × |  | × |
 | 24-hour food recollection | × | × | × |
Adverse events | Monthly phone calls | Collected from monthly calls | ||
Programme adherence | Calculated from monthly calendars collected every 8Â weeks | Collected every 8Â weeks | ||
Supplement compliance | Calculated from supplement and sachets returned at 3 and 6 months |  | × | × |