Time point | Data collection | Measure | Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
At rest | Continuous glucose monitoring system | Glucose values | Glucose variability |
Vascular Doppler ultrasound | Flow-mediated dilatation | Endothelial function | |
Blood sampling | Glucagon, glucose, HbA1c, insulin and GLP-1 | Metabolic responses | |
Impedance cardiography and electrocardiogram | Cardiac output, heart rate | Cardiovascular response | |
24 hour urine | F2 isoprostane 8-isoprostaglandin F2α/ creatinine | Oxidative stress | |
During submaximal exercise tests | Continuous glucose monitoring system | Glucose values | Glucose variability |
Impedance cardiography and electrocardiogram | aCardiac output, heart rate | Cardiovascular response to exercise | |
Blood sampling | aGlucagon, glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 | Metabolic responses | |
After submaximal exercise tests | Continuous glucose monitoring system | Glucose values | Glucose variability |
Impedance cardiography and electrocardiogram | abCardiac output, heart rate | Cardiovascular response to exercise | |
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring | 24 hour blood pressure variability | ||
Blood sampling | abGlucagon, glucose, insulin and GLP-1 | Metabolic responses |