Table 1 List of M-JOA

Subjective symptoms

   Lumbar and leg pain

No

0

Mild pain or occasional moderate pain

1

Usual moderate pain or occasional severe pain

2

Frequent or continuous severe pain

3

   Numbness

No

0

Occasional

1

Frequent but relief may be on their own

2

Continuous, not alleviated

3

Objective signs

   Paravertebral tenderness

No

0

Mild

1

Moderate

2

Severe

3

   Myodynamia

Grade V

3

Grade IV

2

Grade III

1

Grade 0 to II

0

   Straight let raising test

> 70°, straight leg drive up (-)

0

> 45°, straight leg drive up (+)

1

> 30°, straight leg drive up (+)

2

< 30°, straight leg drive up (+)

3

   Radiating pain

No

0

Hip/thigh

1

Shank

2

Foot

3

Activities of daily life and work

   Stoop and lift heavy things

Normal stoop, lift weight > 3 kg

0

Able to stoop, lift weight ≤ 3 kg

1

Unable to stoop

2

Serious difficulties in bending and lifting

3

   Walking distance/time

Walking ≥ 1 km or 60 min

0

Walking ≥ 500 m or 30 min

1

Walking ≥ 100 m or 10 min

2

Serious difficulties in walking

3

   Daily time in bed(h)

< 10

0

10 to 12

1

12 to 16

2

> 16

3

   Ability to work

Full-time to do as before

0

Although able to work, occasionally need a break

1

Although able to work, usually need a break

2

Unable to work

3