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  1. “Challenging” HIV-infected patients, those not retained in treatment, represent a critical focus for positive prevention, as linkage to care, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy, adherence and retention...

    Authors: Omar Sued, Isabel Cassetti, Diego Cecchini, Pedro Cahn, Lina Bofill de Murillo, Stephen M. Weiss, Lissa N. Mandell, Manasi Soni and Deborah L. Jones
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:396
  2. Sepsis is one of the most important causes of maternal death and severe morbidity worldwide. Studies conducted both in the UK and US have documented an additional risk associated with operative vaginal deliver...

    Authors: Marian Knight, Linda Mottram, Shan Gray, Christopher Partlett and Ed Juszczak
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:395
  3. Most adults with diabetes who are at high risk for complications have family or friends who are involved in their medical and self-care (“family supporters”). These family supporters are an important resource ...

    Authors: Ann-Marie Rosland, John D. Piette, Ranak Trivedi, Eve A. Kerr, Shelley Stoll, Adam Tremblay and Michele Heisler
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:394
  4. Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported the errors in the figure and in text reference in the published article. These errors are detailed below. The original article has been co...

    Authors: Sasha-Denise Grünzig, Harald Baumeister, Jürgen Bengel, David Ebert and Lena Krämer
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:393

    The original article was published in Trials 2018 19:285

  5. With the development of painless diagnosis and treatment, remifentanil, a synthetic opioid agonist, is increasingly used in gastroscopy for its rapid, short-term, and potent analgesic effect. However, the dosa...

    Authors: Minqiang Liu, Hongyan Wu, Danling Yang, Fengxian Li, Zhichao Li, Song Wang and Renliang He
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:392
  6. Obese women have fewer oocytes retrieved, an increased cancelation rate, a higher miscarriage rate, and a lower live birth rate after assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment compared with women with n...

    Authors: Jing Li, Ze Wang, Daimin Wei, Hong Liu, Jiangtao Zhang, Jianfeng Wang, Yuhua Shi and Zi-Jiang Chen
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:391
  7. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are the second most common gastrointestinal malignancy after colon cancer. Up to 90% of patients with NETs develop liver metastases, which are a major determinant of symptoms and s...

    Authors: James X. Chen, E. Paul Wileyto and Michael C. Soulen
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:390
  8. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Existing therapies for DKD are not sufficiently effective. We report t...

    Authors: Mengdi Wang, Zhen Wang, Jingwei Zhou, Weiwei Sun, Ying Wang, Mei Han, Hanwen Yang, Wei Jing Liu and Yaoxian Wang
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:389
  9. Conventional whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) has been established as the treatment standard in patients with cerebral metastases from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, it has only modest efficacy and lim...

    Authors: Denise Bernhardt, Adriane Hommertgen, Daniela Schmitt, Rami El Shafie, Angela Paul, Laila König, Johanna Mair-Walther, Johannes Krisam, Christina Klose, Thomas Welzel, Juliane Hörner-Rieber, Jutta Kappes, Michael Thomas, Claus Peter Heußel, Martin Steins, Meinhard Kieser…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:388
  10. People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) commonly experience postural instability, resulting in poor balance and an increased risk of falls. Exercise-based video gaming (exergaming) is a form of physical training ...

    Authors: Dale M. Harris, Timo Rantalainen, Makii Muthalib, Liam Johnson, Rachel L. Duckham, Stuart T. Smith, Robin M. Daly and Wei-Peng Teo
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:387
  11. Dietary interventions have limited success in promoting sustainable weight loss; new treatments allowing better compliance with hypocaloric diets should be developed. The aim of this trial is to describe the e...

    Authors: Carina de Araujo, Raquel Crespo Fitz, Daniela Albugeri Nogara, Pedro Schestatsky and Fernando Gerchman
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:386
  12. Although China has a large number of older people living with diabetes and hypertension, the primary care system is underdeveloped and so management of these conditions in community care settings is suboptimal...

    Authors: Qiang Tu, Lily Dongxia Xiao, Shahid Ullah, Jeffrey Fuller and Huiyun Du
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:385
  13. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the major cause for postoperative failure after vitreo-retinal surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Adjunct pharmaceutical therapy was found to ...

    Authors: Friederike Schaub, Robert Hoerster, Petra Schiller, Moritz Felsch, Daria Kraus, Marouan Zarrouk, Bernd Kirchhof and Sascha Fauser
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:384
  14. To achieve the World Health Organization hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination targets, it is essential to increase access to treatment. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment can be provided in primary healthc...

    Authors: A. J. Wade, J. S. Doyle, E. Gane, C. Stedman, B. Draper, D. Iser, S. K. Roberts, W. Kemp, D. Petrie, N. Scott, P. Higgs, P. A. Agius, J. Roney, L. Stothers, A. J. Thompson and M. E. Hellard
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:383
  15. Preliminary evidence based on clinical observations suggests that meditative exercise may offer potential benefits for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Cardiac rehabilitation (CR), as a class-IA indi...

    Authors: Meili Yu, Siming Li, Siwei Li, Jingen Li, Hao Xu and Keji Chen
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:381
  16. The surgical technique used in liver transplantation has undergone constant evolution in an effort to develop a safe, highly standardized procedure. Despite this, the initial step of recipient hepatectomy has ...

    Authors: Philipp Houben, Elias Khajeh, Ulf Hinz, Phillip Knebel, Markus K. Diener and Arianeb Mehrabi
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:380
  17. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are prone to micro- and macro-vascular complications. Monomeric and oligomeric flavanols (MOF) isolated from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) have been linked to improved ...

    Authors: Mardin Rashid, Adrie J. M. Verhoeven, Monique T. Mulder, Reinier Timman, Yvonne van Beek-Nieuwland, Athumani A. Athumani, Adrienne A. M. Zandbergen, Hans E. van der Wiel, Eric J. G. Sijbrands and Kirsten A. Berk
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:379
  18. Hand-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (HALDN) using a periumbilical or Pfannenstiel incision was developed to improve donor outcome after a kidney transplant. The aim of this study was to investi...

    Authors: Yakup Kulu, Beat P. Müller-Stich, Omid Ghamarnejad, Elias Khajeh, Georgios Polychronidis, Mohammad Golriz, Felix Nickel, Laura Benner, Philipp Knebel, Markus Diener, Christian Morath, Martin Zeier, Markus W. Büchler and Arianeb Mehrabi
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:377
  19. Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as “urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia”. Acupuncture is one of the most popular alternative treatment methods for OAB. Little es...

    Authors: Yu Tat Chan, Hong Wei Zhang, Yuan Qi Guo, Tony Ngai Ho Chan, Yiu-Keung Kwan, Chun-Kam Lee, Kit Ngan and Zhi-Xiu Lin
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:376
  20. The potential of neuroprotective agents should be revisited in the era of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute large-artery occlusion because their preclinical effects have been optimized for ischemia and...

    Authors: Ji Man Hong, Mun Hee Choi, Sung-Il Sohn, Yang-Ha Hwang, Seong Hwan Ahn, Yeong-Bae Lee, Dong-Ick Shin, Ángel Chamorro and Dennis W. Choi
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:375
  21. Perthes’ disease is an idiopathic osteonecrosis of a developmental hip that is most frequent in Northern Europe. Currently, the absence of a common set of standardised outcomes makes comparisons between studie...

    Authors: Donato Giuseppe Leo, Wei Yee Leong, Tina Gambling, Andrew Long, Rebecca Murphy, Helen Jones and Daniel Christopher Perry
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:374
  22. The mechanism of the long-lasting effect and the relationship between the long-lasting effect and the deqi sensation, which is the key of achieving the acupuncture effect, has not been well investigated. This tri...

    Authors: Ruirui Sun, Xiaojuan Hong, Jing Guo, Shuai Yin, Peiming Feng, Lei Lan, Du Lei, Xiaoyan Liu, Xueling Suo, Tao Yin, Tingting Zhang, Liuyang Huang, Feifei Gao, Qiyong Gong, Fanrong Liang and Fang Zeng
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:373
  23. Different methods are available for the treatment of venous ulcers. Most current approaches focus on a combination of topical and compressive therapy. Adjuvant low-level laser therapy may be helpful in lesions...

    Authors: Taline Bavaresco, Ananda Ughini Bertoldo Pires, Vítor Monteiro Moraes, Viviane Maria Osmarin, Denise Tolfo Silveira and Amália de Fátima Lucena
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:372
  24. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both debilitating but heterogeneous conditions sharing core features of fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and impaired functioning. The aetiolo...

    Authors: Claire L. Macnamara, Erin Cvejic, Gordon B. Parker, Andrew R. Lloyd, Gina Lee, Jessica E. Beilharz and Ute Vollmer-Conna
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:371
  25. Given the importance of inflammation as a predictor of poor outcomes in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), reductions in inflammatory biomarkers have been proposed as a critical target in this population. This st...

    Authors: Ruchir Trivedi, George Fares, Victoria Barany Nunez, Ryan Campbell, Megyn Clement, Joseph Burleson, Jonathan Himmelfarb and Effie Ioannidou
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:370
  26. In distal pancreatectomy (DP), it is customary to ligate and divide the splenic vein after isolating it from the pancreatic parenchyma. This is considered essential to prevent disruption of the stump of the sp...

    Authors: Suguru Yamada, Tsutomu Fujii, Manabu Kawai, Toshio Shimokawa, Masafumi Nakamura, Yoshiaki Murakami, Sohei Satoi, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichi Nagakawa, Yasuhiro Kodera and Hiroki Yamaue
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:369
  27. Whilst pathways relating to the early stages of stroke care have become well established, strategies for longer-term care are less developed and longer-term outcomes remain poor for many stroke survivors. New Sta...

    Authors: Natasha K. Hardicre, Thomas F Crocker, Alan Wright, Louisa-Jane Burton, Seline Ozer, Ross Atkinson, Allan House, Jenny Hewison, Christopher McKevitt, Anne Forster and Amanda J. Farrin
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:368
  28. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurring condition, prevalent in the general population. Current medication treatments usually leave patients undertreated. Nowadays, Chinese medicine (CM) is bein...

    Authors: Qian Li, Bei-ping Zhang, Shao-gang Huang, Wen-wei Ouyang, Jian-hui Xie, Ze-huai Wen and Xiao-bo Yang
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:367
  29. The estimated 300,000 adults in Australia with severe mental illness (SMI) have markedly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, mainly due to physical health comorbidities. Cardiovascular ...

    Authors: Malcolm Battersby, Michael R. Kidd, Julio Licinio, Philip Aylward, Amanda Baker, Julie Ratcliffe, Stephen Quinn, David J. Castle, Sara Zabeen, A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt and Sharon Lawn
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:366
  30. The important role of network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in health technology assessment and guideline development is increasingly recognized. This approach has the potential to obtain conclus...

    Authors: Georgia Salanti, Adriani Nikolakopoulou, Alex J. Sutton, Stephan Reichenbach, Sven Trelle, Huseyin Naci and Matthias Egger
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:365
  31. Latest research demonstrates a significant improvement in stress-related symptoms in psychological disorders as a result of exercise training (ET). Controlled clinical trials further validate the significance ...

    Authors: Henning Budde, Davin P. Akko, Herbert E. Ainamani, Eric Murillo-Rodríguez and Roland Weierstall
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:364
  32. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, including China. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been demonstrated to be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular mortality, my...

    Authors: Richard Y. Cao, Hongchao Zheng, Qiongyao Mi, Qing Li, Wenchao Yuan, Yueyou Ding and Jian Yang
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:363
  33. Hemodynamic instability is one of the leading causes of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Early stabilization of hemodynamics is associated with improved outcome. The monitoring used to guide hemodynamic su...

    Authors: Luca Cioccari, Bjoern Zante, Andreas Bloch, David Berger, Andreas Limacher, Stephan M. Jakob, Jukka Takala and Tobias M. Merz
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:362

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2018 19:587

  34. Colorectal cancer remains a considerable challenge in healthcare nowadays. Most patients’ disease develops via the adenoma–carcinoma sequence; colonoscopy with polypectomy effectively reduces both mortality an...

    Authors: Yen-Nien Chen, Li-Chun Chang, Chi-Yang Chang, Peng-Jen Chen, Chi-Yi Chen, Cheng-Hao Tseng and Han-Mo Chiu
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:361
  35. Researchers typically report more on the impact of public health interventions and less on the degree to which interventions were followed implementation fidelity. We developed and measured fidelity indicators...

    Authors: Mahbubur Rahman, Sania Ashraf, Leanne Unicomb, A. K. M. Mainuddin, Sarker Masud Parvez, Farzana Begum, Kishor Kumar Das, Abu Mohd. Naser, Faruqe Hussain, Thomas Clasen, Stephen P. Luby, Elli Leontsini and Peter J. Winch
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:360
  36. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) efficacy trials deliver interventions to the target population under optimal conditions to estimate their effects on outcomes of interest, to inform subsequent selection f...

    Authors: Leanne Unicomb, Farzana Begum, Elli Leontsini, Mahbubur Rahman, Sania Ashraf, Abu Mohd Naser, Fosiul A. Nizame, Kaniz Jannat, Faruqe Hussain, Sarker Masud Parvez, Shaila Arman, Moshammot Mobashara, Stephen P. Luby and Peter J. Winch
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:359
  37. Uptake matters for evaluating the health impact of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions. Many large-scale WASH interventions have been plagued by low uptake. For the WASH Benefits Bangladesh effi...

    Authors: Sarker Masud Parvez, Rashidul Azad, Mahbubur Rahman, Leanne Unicomb, Pavani K. Ram, Abu Mohd Naser, Christine P. Stewart, Kaniz Jannat, Musarrat Jabeen Rahman, Elli Leontsini, Peter J. Winch and Stephen P. Luby
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:358
  38. Surgical wounds are covered to prevent bleeding, absorb the exudates, and provide a barrier against external contamination. Currently, in our hospital, after orthopedic surgery, traditional occlusive dressing ...

    Authors: Maria López-Parra, Dolors Gil-Rey, Esmeralda López-González, Eva-Maria González-Rodríguez, Isabel Simó-Sánchez, Francisco Zamora-Carmona, Lidia Roqueta-Andreu, Marta Arizu-Puigvert, Dolors Abril-Sabater, Àngels Moreno-Álvarez, Àngels López-Bonet, Gisela López-Hidalgo, Helena Costa-Ventura, Laura García-Pardo, Mireia Rico-Liberato, Miriam García-Borràs…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:357
  39. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a common form of deafness. Acupuncture has been used as a salvage therapy for ISSNHL in China since 200 BCE. However, the efficacy of acupuncture has no...

    Authors: Kai Shang, Xin Ma, Hui-Lin Liu, Yuan-Yuan Jing, Lin Zeng, Nan Li, De-An Zhou, Jia Wei and Chen Zhang
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:356
  40. Over the past two or three decades, the prevalence of asthma has significantly increased worldwide; therefore, effective treatment without side effects is of utmost importance. Traditional Chinese medicine (TC...

    Authors: Wenhan Jiang, Zifeng Ma, Huiyong Zhang, Henry S. Lynn, Beiqi Xu, Xiao Zhang, Rongrong Bi, Jiyou Fu, Yue Chen, Zhen Xiao, Zhijie Zhang and Zhenhui Lu
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:355
  41. Indigenous women in the southern Mexican state of Guerrero face poor maternal health outcomes. Living as they do at the very periphery of the Western health system, they often receive low-quality care from hea...

    Authors: Iván Sarmiento, Sergio Paredes-Solís, Neil Andersson and Anne Cockcroft
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:354
  42. Youth in general and college life in particular are characterized by new educational, vocational, and interpersonal challenges, opportunities, and substantial stress. It is estimated that 30–50% of university ...

    Authors: Teruhisa Uwatoko, Yan Luo, Masatsugu Sakata, Daisuke Kobayashi, Yu Sakagami, Kazumi Takemoto, Linda M. Collins, Ed Watkins, Steven D. Hollon, James Wason, Hisashi Noma, Masaru Horikoshi, Takashi Kawamura, Taku Iwami and Toshi A. Furukawa
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:353
  43. Dental caries in primary teeth is prevalent, affecting millions of children around the world. Functionalized tricalcium phosphate (fTCP) has been incorporated into sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish to enhance the ...

    Authors: Kitty Jieyi Chen, Sherry Shiqian Gao, Duangporn Duangthip, Edward Chin Man Lo and Chun Hung Chu
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:352
  44. Occupational exposure to tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a major health risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). The HIV epidemic equally affects the workforce because of the mutually reinforcing epidemiology of HIV ...

    Authors: Asta Rau, Edwin Wouters, Michelle Engelbrecht, Caroline Masquillier, Kerry Uebel, Gladys Kigozi, Nina Sommerland and André Janse van Rensburg
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:351
  45. Anemia is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery especially following reoperation due to previous prosthetic valve failure or multiple valve surgery (including combined coronary artery bypass grafting)....

    Authors: Seung Hyun Lee, Jae-Kwang Shim, Sarah Soh, Jong Wook Song, Byung Chul Chang, Sak Lee and Young-Lan Kwak
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:350
  46. UK-wide national clinical guidelines promote routine 6-month post-stroke follow-up assessment. However, as part of this 6-month assessment little information is gathered from the patient’s perspective. The mea...

    Authors: Alexander Smith, Anna Pennington, Ben Carter, Stephanie Gething, Michelle Price, James White, Richard Dewar and Jonathan Hewitt
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:349
  47. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), is one of main gynecological complaints in women of child-bearing age. Common medications for PD do not always achieve satisfactory outcome of pain relief. Hence, both health profess...

    Authors: Siyi Yu, Yueqiang Wen, Wanting Xia, Mingxiao Yang, Zhengtao Lv, Xiaoji Li, Wenyao Li, Sha Yang, Youping Hu, Fanrong Liang and Jie Yang
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:348
  48. Moderate to vigorous endurance and strength-training exercise was suggested as a treatment option for major depression. However, there is little evidence to support this suggestion in adolescent patients. The ...

    Authors: Max Oberste, Nicola Großheinrich, Heidrun-Lioba Wunram, Johannes Levin Graf, Alischa Ziemendorff, Axel Meinhardt, Oliver Fricke, Esther Mahabir and Stephan Bender
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:347

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