Vitamin D | Placebo | |
---|---|---|
(N = 23) | (N = 24) | |
Demographics | ||
Age (years) - mean ± SD | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 1.2 |
Male gender - n (%) | 16 (70) | 14 (58) |
Caucasian ethnicity - n (%) | 12 (52) | 16 (67) |
Skin coloura − n (%) | N = 22 | N = 22 |
1–2 | 12 (55%) | 15 (68%) |
3–6 | 10 (45%) | 7 (32%) |
Family history of asthma - n (%) | 7 (30) | 10 (42) |
Environmental smoke exposureb − n (%) | 9 (39) | 6 (25) |
Daycare attendance - n (%) | 20 (87) | 22 (92) |
Asthma morbidity in previous 12 months - median number (25%, 75%) | ||
Emergency department visits | 4 (3, 5) | 4 (2.5, 5.5) |
Courses of oral corticosteroids | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) |
Hospital admissions | 1 (0, 2) | 0 (0, 1) |
School or day-care days missed | 10 (4, 15) | 6 (3, 10) |
Assessment at randomisation | ||
Persistent symptoms - n (%) | 16 (73) | 17 (71) |
Multi-trigger asthma - n (%) | 13 (57) | 13 (54) |
Atopyc - n (%) | 12 (52) | 12 (50) |
Influenza immunisation - n (%) | 3 (13) | 3 (13) |
Prescribed asthma controller - n (%)d | ||
Episodic ICS | 2 (9) | 2 (8) |
Daily ICS monotherapy | 15 (65) | 20 (83) |
Daily ICS combination therapye | 6 (26) | 2 (8) |
Dietary status | ||
Vitamin D intake, IU/day - median (25%, 75%) | 182 (125, 425) | 238 (162, 270) |
Serum vitamin D < 75 nmol/L - n (%) | 15 (68) | 13 (54) |