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Table 1 Definitions of organ failure

From: (1,3)-β-D-glucan-based diagnosis of invasive Candida infection versus culture-based diagnosis in patients with sepsis and with an increased risk of invasive Candida infection (CandiSep): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

 • Encephalopathy (reduced vigilance, restlessness, disorientation, or delirium without influence of psychotropic substances)

 • Thrombocytopenia (thrombocyte count ≤100,000/μl or decrease of thrombocytes > 30% in 24 h without evidence of bleeding)

 • Arterial hypoxemia [paO2 < 10 kPa (75 mmHg) when breathing room air or paO2/FiO2 ≤ 33 kPa (250 mmHg) not caused by pulmonary or cardiac disorder]

 • Arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg or mean blood pressure ≤ 70 mmHg) for at least 1 h despite adequate fluid resuscitation and absence of other types of shock

 • Renal dysfunction (urinary output ≤0.5 ml kg-1 h-1 for at least 1 h despite sufficient fluid resuscitation or increase of serum creatinine 2× above the reference range)

 • Metabolic acidosis (base deficit ≥5.0 mEq/l or serum lactate concentration 1.5 above the reference range)

Septic shock

 • Diagnosis of infection

Arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg or mean blood pressure ≤ 70 mmHg) for at least 2 h despite adequate fluid resuscitation which requires the administration of vasopressors (dopamine ≥5 μg kg− 1 min− 1; norepinephrine or epinephrine ≥0.05 μg kg− 1 min− 1; phenylephrine or vasopressin in any dosage) to maintain systolic blood pressure 90 mmHg or mean systolic pressure 70 mmHg