Table 3 Summary of variables measured in the patient questionnaire
Measure | Details | Source |
|---|---|---|
Baseline patient demographic questions | Name, address, date of birth, ethnicity | All questions are based upon Statistics New Zealand census questions: |
Smoking question | To ascertain current, never and ex-smokers | Parts of the New Zealand Health Survey smoking panel Ministry of Health. 2015. Adult Questionnaire (Year 5) 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016: New Zealand Health Survey. Wellington: Ministry of Health. Available from: http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/questionnaires-and-content-guide-2014-15-new-zealand-health-survey |
Healthcare utilisation questions | Primary care, afterhours, Emergency Department ED and hospital admissions | Modified from the New Zealand Health Survey Ministry of Health. 2015. Adult Questionnaire (Year 5) 1 July 2015–30 June 2016: New Zealand Health Survey. Wellington: Ministry of Health. Available from: http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/questionnaires-and-content-guide-2014-15-new-zealand-health-survey |
Comorbid conditions questions | List of conditions | List is a modified version of: Sanga O, Stucki G, Liang M, Fossel AH, Katz JN. The Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire: a new method to assess comorbidity for clinical and health services research. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 49: 156–63. [62] |
Medication questions | Name, dose and frequency | Questions developed by research team. |
Health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L) | Health profile and Visual Analogue Scale rating | Permission granted to use the paper and REDCap versions of the EQ-5D-5 L. Available from: https://euroqol.org/eq-5d-instruments/eq-5d-5l-about/ |
The summary of diabetes self-care activities | Original scale included 5 domains on self-care with additional items on what care has been recommended | We have focussed on the self-care domains only. We have kept the general categories outlined in the original scale, but have modified the questions on diet, blood sugar, foot checks, smoking and medications to be of use for our randomised controlled trial (RCT). Toobert DJ, Hampson SE, Glasgow RE. The summary of diabetes self-care activities measure: results from 7 studies and a revised scale. Diabetes care 23.7 (2000): 943–950. [38] Permission to use this scale is from: http://www.ori.org/sdsca/purchase. |
Diabetes Distress Scale | 17 questions on the level of distress resulting from diabetes | Permission granted to use the scale, and modify to also include pre-diabetics. Available from: http://behavioraldiabetes.org/scales-and-measures/#1448434304099-9078f27c-4106 Fisher L, Glasgow RE, Mullan JT, Skaff MM, Polonsky WH. Development of a brief diabetes distress screening instrument. Ann Fam Med 2008;6(3):246–252. [39] Polonsky WH, Fisher L, Esarles J, Dudl RJ, Lees J, Mullan JT, Jackson R. (2005). Assessing psychosocial distress in diabetes: Development of the Diabetes Distress Scale. Diabetes Care, 28, 626–631. [63] Fisher L, Hessler DM, Polonsky WH, Mullan J. (2012). When is diabetes distress clinically meaningful? Establishing cut-points for the Diabetes Distress Scale. Diabetes Care, 35, 259–264. [64] |
Partners in Health Scale | 12 questions on chronic disease self-management | Permission to use the scale, April 2017. Smith D, et al. Measuring chronic condition self-management in an Australian community: factor structure of the revised Partners in Health (PIH) scale. Quality of Life Research (2016), 1–11. [37] Petkov J, Harvey P, Battersby MW. The internal consistency and construct validity of the Partners in Health Scale: validation of a patient rated chronic condition self-management measure. Quality of Life Research 19.7 (2010), 1079–1085. [65] |