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Fig. 2 | Trials

Fig. 2

From: Catheter Ablation versus Thoracoscopic Surgical Ablation in Long Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (CASA-AF): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Fig. 2

Schedule of enrolment, tests and assessments in the Catheter Ablation versus Thoracoscopic Surgical Ablation in Long Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (CASA-AF) study (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials [SPIRIT] figure). AF Atrial fibrillation, AFEQT Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-Life Questionnaire, CHA 2 DS 2 VASc score Congestive heart failure (or left ventricular systolic dysfunction), hypertension (blood pressure consistently > 140/90 mmHg or treated hypertension on medication), age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack or thromboembolism, vascular disease (e.g., peripheral artery disease, myocardial infarction, aortic plaque), age 65–74 years, sex category (i.e., female sex), DC Direct current, EHRA European Heart Rhythm Association, EQ-5D-5 L EuroQol standardised health questionnaire, FUP Follow-up, HAS-BLED score Hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalised ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly, ILR Implantable loop recorder, LSPAF Long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation

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