Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for study participation in the NILS feasibility study

Biopsy-proven prostate cancer within 2 years prior to enrolment

Less than 10 years of life expectancy

PSA ≤ 10, Gleason score ≤ 6, clinical classification ≤ cT2a or PSA ≤ 10, Gleason score ≤ 7, clinical classification ≤ cT2a

Prior history of cancer, except for non-melanoma skin cancer, unless considered cured without signs of treatment failure for at least 5 years

Maximum 1/5 tumour-positive biopsy rate

Conditions or behaviours likely to affect the capability of participating fully in the intervention

On active surveillance (elected to forgo treatment)

Moderate to severe co-morbidity (kidney, liver, heart, or respiratory problems)

Level of testosterone normal in sera

Inflammatory bowel disease or physical handicaps

Above 55 and below 70 years of age^a

Gluten intolerance