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Table 1 Eligibility criteria

From: Rectal indomethacin alone versus indomethacin and prophylactic pancreatic stent placement for preventing pancreatitis after ERCP: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Any patient undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in whom pancreatic stent placement is planned for post-ERCP pancreatitis prevention, is at least 18 years old, provides informed consent, and:

Has one of the following criteria:

Or two of the following criteria:

 Clinical suspicion of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

Age under 50 years old and of female gender

 History of post-ERCP pancreatitis

History of recurrent pancreatitis

 Pancreatic sphincterotomy

At least 3 pancreatic injections, with at least 1 injection to tail

 Pre-cut (access) sphincterotomy

Pancreatic acinarization

 Difficult cannulation

Pancreatic brush cytology

 Short duration (≤1 min) balloon dilation of intact biliary sphincter

 

Exclusion criteria

 Ampullectomy

 Case in which a pancreatic stent is placed for therapeutic intent

 Unwillingness or inability to consent for the study

 Pregnancy

 Breastfeeding mother

 Standard contraindications to ERCP

 Allergy to aspirin or NSAIDs

 Known renal failure (creatinine >1.4 mg/dl)

 Ongoing or recent (within 2 weeks) hospitalization for gastrointestinal hemorrhage

 Ongoing or recent (within 1 week) hospitalization for acute pancreatitis

 Known chronic calcific pancreatitis

 Pancreatic head mass

 Procedure performed on major papilla/ventral pancreatic duct in patient with pancreas divisum (no manipulation of minor papilla)

 ERCP for biliary stent removal or exchange without anticipated pancreatogram

 Subjects with prior biliary sphincterotomy now scheduled for repeat biliary therapy without anticipated pancreatogram

 Anticipated inability to follow protocol

 Absence of rectum

  1. NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs