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Table 1 Definitions of pneumonia outcomes

From: Ghana randomized air pollution and health study (GRAPHS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Classification

Signs and symptoms

Primary definition of physician-assessed severe pneumonia

History of cough or difficulty in breathing and tachypnea (fast breathing ≥ 60 breaths/minute in a child aged < 2 months

≥50 breaths/minute in a child aged 2–11 months) and lower chest in-drawing

Secondary definition of physician- assessed severe Pneumonia 1

History of cough or difficulty in breathing and tachypnea (fast breathing ≥ 60 breaths/minute in a child aged < 2 months

≥50 breaths/minute in a child aged 2–11 months) and lower chest in-drawing and chest X-ray consolidation or pleural effusion or other infiltrates as defined in a chest x-ray taken within 72 hours of admission

Secondary definition of physician- assessed severe Pneumonia 2

History of cough or difficulty in breathing and tachypnea (fast breathing ≥ 60 breaths/minute in a child aged < 2 months

≥50 breaths/minute in a child aged 2–11 months) and lower chest in-drawing and an oxygen saturation less than 90 %

Tertiary definition of severe pneumonia assessed by community based fieldworkers

History of cough or difficulty in breathing and tachypnea (fast breathing ≥ 60 breaths/minute in a child aged < 2 months

≥50 breaths/minute in a child aged 2–11 months)

Primary definition of pneumonia (physician-assessed)

History of cough or difficulty in breathing and tachypnea (fast breathing ≥ 60 breaths/minute in a child aged < 2 months

≥50 breaths/minute in a child aged 2–11 months) and lower chest in-drawing

Secondary definition of Pneumonia 1

Primary definition and chest X-ray consolidation or pleural effusion or other infiltrates as defined in a chest x-ray taken within 72 hours of admission

Secondary definition of Pneumonia 2

Primary definition and an oxygen saturation less than 90 %