Table 4 Baseline characteristics of the CardioBBEAT study participants
Characteristic | All patients n = 621 | Usual care n = 319 (51 %) | Monitoring n = 302 (49 %) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic profile | ||||
Age (years) | ||||
mean ± SD | 63.0 ± 11.5 | 63.5 ± 11.4 | 62.5 ± 11.6 | 0.303 |
median (IQR) | 65 (55–72) | 65 (55–73) | 64 (54–72) | |
Male sex, n (%) | 544 (88) | 280 (88) | 264 (87) | 0.990 |
Living alone, n (%) | 159 (26) | 77 (24) | 82 (27) | 0.442 |
Education (years) – number of patients (% valid) | 607 (98) | 311 (98) | 296 (98) | |
mean ± SD | 12 ± 3 | 12 ± 3 | 12 ± 3 | 0.803 |
median (IQR) | 11 (10–13) | 11 (10–13) | 12 (10–13) | |
Causes of heart failure, n (%) | 0.797 | |||
Ischemic CM | 363 (59) | 185 (58) | 178 (59) | |
Non-ischemic CM | 258 (42) | 134 (42) | 124 (41) | |
NYHA class, n (%) | 0.086 | |||
II | 430 (69) | 209 (66) | 221 (73) | |
III | 186 (30) | 108 (34) | 78 (26) | |
IV | 5 (1) | 2 (1) | 3 (1) | |
NYHA class III–IV, n (%) | 191 (31) | 110 (35) | 81 (27) | 0.048 |
Peripheral edema, n (%) | 131 (21) | 83 (26) | 48 (16) | 0.003 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
Stroke/TIA | 41 (7) | 21 (7) | 20 (7) | 1.000 |
PAD | 56 (9) | 24 (8) | 32 (11) | 0.232 |
COPD | 87 (14) | 48 (15) | 39 (13) | 0.516 |
Sleep apnea | 45 (7) | 25 (8) | 20 (7) | 0.668 |
Renal dysfunction (GFR ≤ 60 ml/min) | 148 (24) | 87 (27) | 61 (20) | 0.048 |
Depression | 51 (8) | 24 (8) | 27 (9) | 0.619 |
Resuscitation | 81 (13) | 37 (12) | 44 (15) | 0.327 |
Risk factor profile | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) – number of patients (% valid) | 619 (100) | 318 (100) | 301 (100) | |
mean ± SD | 28 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 0.529 |
median (IQR) | 28 (25–31) | 28 (25–32) | 27 (25–31) | |
History of smoking – number/total number (%) | 435/620 (70) | 221/319 (69) | 214/301 (71) | 0.684 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 219 (35) | 103 (32) | 116 (38) | 0.131 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 533 (86) | 269 (84) | 264 (87) | 0.323 |