Table 4 Training needs identified by researchers and patient and public involvement (PPI) contributors

Training needs reported by researchers

• Guidance on how and when to involve PPI contributors

• General research methods or design

• How to get the most out of contributors

• Role expectations

• What happens in meetings

• What is expected of contributors

• Confidence to speak in meetings

• How PPI benefits research

• Guidance on payment

Training needs reported by PPI contributors

• Avoiding jargon

• How PPI and research works

• Role expectations

• How ethics and funding works

• How to engage PPI contributors

• Being able to ask questions/ confidence to speak up

• Role expectations