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Table 1 Secondary outcomes and process measures a

From: Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a telehealth intervention to support the management of long-term conditions: study protocol for two linked randomized controlled trials

Outcomes

Measures used

Depression score (depression trial only) as a binary outcome at 8 and 12 months and as a continuous variable at 4,8 and 12 months

PHQ-9 [21]

Ten-year CVD risk score (CVD risk trial only) as a binary outcome at 6 months and as a continuous variable at 6 and 12 months

QRISK2 [19] variable obtained by clinical assessment

Quality of life

EQ-5D-5 L [37]

Patient satisfaction

Items constructed for present research and taken from Y4Q1 GP Patient Survey

Patient perceived access to care

Items adapted from TMQ [38] and items constructed for present research

Physical activity

Health-directed behaviour domain of heiQ [39]

Individual cardiovascular risk factors that is blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking status, weight, BMI (CVD risk trial only)

Clinical assessment

Diet (CVD risk trial only)

STC [40] anglicised for present use

Use of telehealth

Items constructed for present research

Internet use and experience

Items constructed for present research

Self-management skills and self-efficacy

Self-monitoring and insight, constructive attitudes and approaches, skill and technique acquisition, and healthcare services navigation domains of heiQ [39]

Medication adherence (depression trial asked only about antidepressant medication; CVD trial asked about antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering medications)

Morisky Medication Adherence Scale [41]

Health literacy

Items adapted from eHEALS [42]

Care coordination

Subscales adapted from a measure of continuity questionnaire [43]

Anxiety (depression trial only)

GAD-7 [44]

Resource use

Items constructed for present research

Demographics

Various items taken from the Y4Q1 GP Patient Survey, 2001 census and Health Survey for England, 2007

  1. a BMI, Body mass index; CVD, Cardiovascular disease; eHEALS, eHealth Literacy Scale; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale; heiQ, Health Education Impact Questionnaire; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire; STC, Starting the Conversation; TMQ, Treatment Motivation Questionnaire.