Figure 1

Flow diagram showing patient identification and enrollment in the flow of patient care. *Other signs of altered mental status include agitation, somnolence, repetitive questioning, or slow response to verbal communication. **Clinicians will be randomized to decision aid or usual care prior to patient enrollment. Parents will engage with their clinician according to the arm to which their clinician was randomized. ciTBI, clinically-important traumatic brain injury; CT, computed tomography; ED, emergency department; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; PECARN, Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network.