Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age (years), mean (SD)

39.6 (13.6)

39.0 (13.6)

39.3 (13.5)

Females, n(%)

7 (25.0)

5 (21.7)

12 (23.5)

Mechanism of injury, n(%)

MVA, driver or passenger

4 (14.3)

1 (4.3)

5 (9.8)

MVA, pedestrian

1 (3.6)

1 (4.3)

2 (3.9)

Motorcycle accident

3 (10.7)

4 (17.4)

7 (13.7)

Crush injury

3 (10.7)

4 (17.4)

7 (13.7)

Fall

10 (35.7)

9 (39.1)

19 (37.3)

Twist

1 (3.6)

1 (4.3)

2 (3.9)

Direct trauma, blunt

2 (7.1)

2 (8.7)

4 (7.8)

Recreational vehicle injury

3 (10.7)

1 (4.3)

4 (7.8)

Hockey injury

1 (3.6)

0 (0.0)

1 (2.0)

Diabetic, n(%)

1 (3.6)

0 (0.0)

1 (2.0)

Current smoker, n(%)

10 (35.7)

6 (26.1)

16 (31.4)

Type of fracture, n(%)

Open

9 (32.1)

5 (21.7)

14 (27.5)

Closed

19 (67.9)

18 (78.3)

37 (72.5)

AO Class, n(%)

A

13 (46.4)

11 (47.8)

24 (47.1)

B

9 (32.1)

6 (26.1)

15 (29.4)

C

6 (21.4)

6 (26.1)

12 (23.5)

Any comorbidity¹, n(%)

3 (10.7)

1 (4.3)

4 (7.8)

Post-surgical fracture gap, n(%)

Any gap (restricted to ≤1 cm)

6 (21.4)

0 (0.0)

6 (11.8)

No gap

22 (78.6)

23 (100.0)

45 (88.2)

Fracture-at-risk², n(%)

21 (75.0)

12 (52.2)

33 (64.7)