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Table 3 Confounder measurements

From: Evidence-based new service package vs. routine service package for smoking cessation to prevent high risk patients from cardiovascular diseases (CVD): study protocol for randomized controlled trial

Confounder

Variables

How to measure

Demographic characteristics

Age, sex, social status, family size, educational attainment, occupational history, income

Questionnaire

Lifestyle

Alcohol consumption, physical activity

Questionnaire

Genetic factor

Family history of diabetes, hypertension and CVD

Questionnaire

Drugs

Different medications for diabetes and hypertension

Clinical record

Health literacy [29]

A scale of five questions

Questionnaire of Ishikawa’s scale [29]

Family support

A scale of 16 questions

Questionnaire

Physical activity

RAPA scale [30]

Questionnaire