Table 5 Comparisons of Socio-demographic and mental disorder related characteristics between study arms

Socio-Demographics

Age at randomization (years)

 Mean (SD)

40.0 (11.6)

39.5 (10.8)

39.5 (11.2)

0.910

42.1 (10.4)

43.1(10.6)

0.475

 Median (IQR)

41 (30–48)

38 (31–47)

39 (32–48)

0.920

43 (34–50)

45 (36–49)

0.610

Male gender

82 (77)

66 (74)

70 (71)

0.696

71 (71)

70 (71)

0.964

Ethnicity

 Aboriginals

21 (20)

11 (12)

12 (12)

0.469

19 (19)

14 (14)

0.060

 Caucasian

60 (56)

53 (59)

57 (57)

60 (60)

50 (50)

 Mixed/Other

26 (24)

26 (29)

31 (31)

21 (21)

36 (36)

Incomplete high school

70 (66)

47 (53)

62 (62)

0.192

56 (56)

45 (45)

0.120

Single/Never married

76 (72)

63 (70)

75 (77)

0.591

66 (66)

63 (63)

0.658

Birth country (Canada)

94 (88)

80 (89)

82 (83)

0.417

90 (90)

85 (85)

0.285

Have children (under18)

24 (23)

21 (24)

24 (25)

0.938

28 (28)

25 (25)

0.692

Native Language (English)

87 (81)

76 (84)

73 (73)

0.125

13 (13)

16 (16)

0.733

Homelessness

Absolutely homeless

88 (82)

72 (80)

72 (72)

0.179

72 (72)

84 (84)

0.041

Lifetime duration of homelessness (months)

 Mean (SD)

52.2 (63.5)

61.5 (69.1)

67.6 (69.0)

0.541

68.5 (92.1)

46.4 (50.7)

0.037

 Median (IQR)

36 (12–72)

42 (12–84)

48 (13–109)

0.575

48 (14–93)

24 (12–72)

0.051

Longest duration of homelessness (months)

 Mean (SD)

32.9 (39.3)

30.5 (42.7)

33.0 (41.0)

0.901

31.7 (43.7)

26.0 (33.9)

0.304

 Median (IQR)

20 (7–48)

12 (6–40)

12 (6–48)

0.623

48 (6–40)

12 (5–34)

0.321

Age of first homelessness (years)

 Mean (SD)

29.9 (13.1)

28.0 (11.9)

28.0 (12.4)

0.474

30.8 (13.8)

34.3 (14.3)

0.083

 Median (1QR)

27 (20–39)

26 (19–35)

24 (18–36)

0.463

29 (18–42)

35 (21–45)

0.118

Employment

 Currently employed

5 (5)

1 (1)

4 (4)

0.368*

6 (6)

2 (2)

0.279*

 Worked continuously (>1 year) in past

66 (62)

58 (69)

61 (61)

0.773

66 (66)

72 (72)

0.987

 Wartime services in past

4 (4)

7 (8)

6 (6)

0.448

5 (5)

5 (5)

0.987

 Willingness to have paid job

79 (82)

68 (90)

70 (82)

0.353

80 (89)

87 (91)

0.696

Hospitalized for mental illness (last 5 years)

 Over 6 months

14 (13)

18 (20)

15 (15)

0.406

4 (4)

6 (6)

0.506

 More than two times

73 (70)

57 (68)

67 (71)

0.927

25 (25)

31 (32)

0.299

MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview diagnosis

 Major Depressive Episode

35 (33)

31 (34)

29 (29)

0.710

52 (52)

52 (52)

1.00

 Manic or Hypomanic Episode

25 (23)

23 (26)

20 (20)

0.654

11 (11)

18 (18)

0.160

 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

27 (25)

17 (19)

19 (19)

0.445

34 (34)

32 (32)

0.802

 Panic Disorder

20 (19)

15 (17)

24 (24)

0.418

19 (19)

26 (26)

0.236

 Mood Disorder with psychotic feature

20 (19)

17 (19)

19 (19)

0.997

16 (16)

12 (12)

0.415

 Psychotic Disorder

79 (74)

59 (66)

73 (73)

0.385

25 (25)

27 (27)

0.747

 Alcohol dependence

28 (26)

19 (21)

25 (25)

0.695

25 (25)

24 (24)

0.869

 Substance dependence

67 (63)

55 (61)

61 (61)

0.965

51 (51)

54 (54)

0.671

 Suicidality (moderate or high)

34 (32)

28 (31)

31 (31)

0.992

33 (33)

42 (42)

0.189

 Two or more mental disorders

53 (49)

41 (46)

54 (54)

0.507

44 (44)

48 (48)

0.547

 Three or more mental disorders

34 (32)

22 (24)

22 (22)

0.250

17 (17)

19 (19)

0.713

Referral sources

 Shelter or transitional housing

31 (29)

26 (29)

25 (25)

0.468

31 (31)

30 (30)

0.250

 Housing Lists

3 (3)

4 (4)

2 (2)

6 (6)

4 (4)

 Outreach

13 (12)

15 (17)

16 (16)

21 (21)

21 (21)

 Hospitals

11 (10)

11 (12)

13 (13)

4 (4)

8 (8)

 Aboriginal groups

2 (2)

2 (2)

2 (2)

6 (6)

3 (3)

 Criminal justice

27 (25)

14 (16)

18 (18)

5 (5)

6 (6)

 Drop-in-centers

15 (14)

9 (10)

9 (6)

20 (20)

12 (12)

 Mental health teams

4 (4)

3 (3)

6 (6)

0 (0)

6 (6)

 Other

0 (0)

1 (1)

5 (5)

4 (4)

6 (6)

 Not specified

1 (1)

5 (6)

4 (4)

3 (3)

4 (4)